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Waka Kotahi commissioned AECOM to develop carbon emissions baselines for construction, and operation and maintenance emissions from land-based transport infrastructure. These baselines can be used to benchmark projects in the absence of measured data and support understanding of the transport sector’s contribution to emissions.

The results of the research draw on existing carbon footprints from New Zealand and international footprints from land-based transport infrastructure projects in Australia, the United States, Ireland, and the United Kingdom. The 2023 report supersedes the report published in 2022; this 2023 update includes additional data collected since the previous publication and focuses recommendations on emissions data available from New Zealand and Australian projects.

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